Drugs and their Use

Unani system of medicine stresses on Taqwiyat (Strengthening the Immunity).

There are Muqawwiyat (Tonics) and Mufarrehat (Exhilarants), which produce a sense of well being, mental correlation and sound behaviour without any intoxication and addiction.

The concept of tonic drugs for various organs is also a significant feature of Unani system. Such drugs may be used prophylactically to save the vital organs of the human body from various toxins, chemicals and adverse effects of synthetic drugs.

Moaddilat (Alteratives) are used for normalization and moderation of the temperaments so that the imbalance/in-equilibrium, that is the cause of the disease, is corrected.

Drugs usage and Outcome

Not only enable the Tabiyat (Physis) to overcome the disturbances but also after recovery it emerges with great power of resistance or adjustment to future disturbances. Drugs are well accepted, cost effective and free from side effects. Have been found to be extremely effective in dealing with a number of common day to day diseases like cough, common cold, sinusitis, sore throat, bronchial asthma, fevers, problems of indigestion, liver disorders, sleeplessness, anxiety problems, sexual disorders and also in treating chronic diseases, where they have considerable efficacy.

Shapes of Drugs

in Unani system of Medicines are:

Habb

– Pills and Tablets, it assimilates in the body much faster)

Qurs

– Tablet, it assimilates in the body much faster Kushtaah, Kushtajaat – Calx, a substance obtained by calcinations of a gem or metal. The crumbly residue left after a mineral or metal has been calcined or roasted

Qiwaam

– Basic solution of Particular consistency

Joshaanda

– Decoction

Noshdaaru

– Type of Majoon

Itrifal

- A paste-like formulation prepared in honey and sugar. It is less viscous than other forms of Unani preparations, as a result are assimilated and excreted faster. It is mostly effective in elimination of waste material (ill humors) from the body especialll the brain, eyes nose, ears, stomach and intestine. Prescriptions vary fro illnesses ranging from headache, migraine, sinusitis, cataract and otisis media to cold, flu, asthma, stomach ache, intestinal worms, blood impurities and piles.

Jawaarish

– A paste-like formulation prepared in honey and sugar, usually pleasant in taste. It is more viscous than Itrifal, the ingredients are not finely grounded as to retain the medicine for longer duration in the stomach. It is mostly indicated for stomach disorders and aid in digestion and intestinal cleansing.

Khameera

– It is a fermented confection (compound) distinguished by its sweet aroma and smooth texture, it is prepared in a base of honey and sugar in a 2 – stage process. A decoction of the medicinal herbs is first obtained under controlled conditions, containing extracts of the desired active ingredients, which is then added to the honey and sugar base. This mix is then extensively kneaded, for an entire day in some formulations. The resulting preparation is highly viscous and smooth. All khamiras are intended to refresh the body and strengthen the brain and nervous system. Some are also indicated in cough, flu, fever and asthma.

Khesanda

– (Infusion) The weakest form of drug used.

Kohl

– Kajal, Surma, Eye powder.

Luboob

– A pulp form. Prepared in honey and sugar but very viscous as opposed to a laooq. Another distinguishing factor is the high content of dry fruits and nuts in the formulation of luboob.

Laooq

– It is a form of linctus prepared in honey and sugar. Laooq is less viscous than a jawaarish and is by and large prescribed in cold, flu, and sore throat. It is generally advised to consume a Laooq by dissolving it in a cup of lukewarm water.

Maajoon, Sarishta

– A confection. It is another honey and sugar based formulation and is highly viscous. The medicinal ingredients are finely ground intended for fast assimilation in the body.

Mufarreh

– The formulation is prepared in a base of honey only. All mufarrehs are intended to refresh and invigorate the body and provide nourishment to all the vital organs.

Murabba, Pervarda

– Preserver.

Qeruti

– Paste used on thorax.

Tiryaaq

– Antidote.

Marham

– Ointment.

Sufoof

– Sufoof means ‘Dried powder’ and represents all preparations in finely ground powder form. This form of medication is intended for fast and instant relief and is retained in the body for a longer period of time. Indication of Sufoof varies from fever to stomach disorders to piles and bleeding.

Tilla

– This is for external use only and is in the form of an ointment and viscous liquid. The medicine mixed with it is very finely grounded for fast absorption through skin. All Tillas are indicated in providing strength to the male genital organ. Their massage helps maintain erection for a longer duration and enhances libido.

Sunoon

– Tooth powder

Mazoogh

– Masticator

Burud, Kohl

– Kajal, Surma, Eye powder

Zaroor

– Dusting powder for wounds and ulcers

Nafookh

– Insufelation, powder

Atoos

– Irrhine for sneezing

Ghaza

– Face cleansing powder

Ghalia

– powder for body

Norah

– Hair remover in form of paste, powder & liquid

Sharbat

– Sharbat is an Arabic word meaning ‘Syrup’. All Sharbats are prepared by first boiling the medicinal herbs in water for obtaining a decoction, which is then added to a base of sugar and glucose. Some Sharbats are for refreshments and some are medicated Sharbats for medicinal use which are indicated in a variety of disorders.

Sikanbeen

– Feesaghorus (Py-thogorus)

Shyaf

– Suppository

Raughan

– The word literally means ‘Oil’ and all oils are extracted either from seeds or herbs. Most oils are used as emollient or sedatives to relieve muscular pain, eliminate dryness, reduce swelling and improve blood supply.

Arq

– The literal meaning of this Arabic word is ‘Distillate’. An Arq iss obtained by boiling a herb in a distillation plant at optimal temperature and collecting the condensate which contains the active ingredient in pure form. Arqs are indicated in a variety of disorders.

Miqdaa

Degree

Miqdaa

Degree

Miqdaa

Degree

Miqdaa

Degree
Education and Training

Education and Training in Unani system of Medicines are:

Ilmul Advia (Pharmacology)

Moalijat (Medicine)

Kulliyat (Basic Principals)

Amraaz-e Niswaan (Gynaecology)

Amraaz-e Atfaal (Paediatrics)

araahat (Surgery)

Medicinal Proces, Types of Medicine and their Use

Kootna aur Peesna

Daq Wa Sahaq – Pounding and Grinding

Neem-kob – Bruising.

Kharal - Mortar

Mudabbar – Purified or Detoxified

Ehraq-e Adivia – Burning

Sokhta – Burnt to charring stage but not reduced to ash

Gusl-e Adviyah – Purification of Drugs

Tarveeq-e Advia – Separation of Drugs

Tasfiya-e Advia – Cleaning of Drugs

Tasveel-e Advia – Sieving

Tadbeer-e Advia – Detoxication/purification

Tehmees-Wa-Biryaan – Roasting and parching